Review on SXEP2108 examination question on 1/11/10

First question is about traditional technology that still be use until nowadays. I think this question is suitable for our level of understanding. This is because we have  learn about OHP, slide projector and television from our friend presentation. So we just have to think critically before answer the question .

About the integration of technology in teaching and learning process , we have discuss about it in class. How you integrate technology in teaching certain concept in KBSM syllabus. This question is ok because we have to just think the technology that can be use  to enhance student understanding. The usual way is to use video and animation

The tough question is about theoretical foundation. Im not very sure about this question. Is it we have to write about theory or just how to integrate technology. This question is quite confusing but I just write something regarding to theory and also implementation in classroom regarding the theory.

The question about powerpoint presentation is ok. Powerpoint presentation is something that is very usual in classroom nowadays. Many thing that can be done by using powerpoint presentation. The question just require two way so no problem to give the answer and related explanation.

The question about lesson plan is quite okay. Many thing that can be implemented  during lesson. Lesson plan begin with introduction and at the end is conclusion. We just have to think how to present all the stage with effective way of teaching. Overall the exam is quite okay but have to think critically to gIve the answer that is relevant. But  the theoretical foundation question is  quite confusing.

REVIEW OF SXEP2108 CLASS sem 1 2010/1011

17/9/10

In our first class, Dr. Shahul said about Dr. Seymour Papert. He is the one that introduce the use of computer in class. To know more about this person you can go to this link.

http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:0xPWfxMNbu8J:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seymour_Papert+seymour+papert&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=my

Then we discuss about the technology that is exist to help in teaching and learning process. For example is slide projector, powerpoint and smartboard. Dr just give a rough explanation because the detail will be presented by presentation group. How to integrate the technology is that maybe we can do analysis about our finding in experiment that had been done. This technology is not a foreign object because it has been use since long time ago. Besides that it can be use in management for example in rearranging student grade. Software is use to find an information including website.

24/9/10

On this class we talk about the building compare today technology with technology ancient. It is different. We can see that now, most of the building is block shaped. But during the ancient there are pyramid that is very unique in shape.

Then we talk about graph. The basic skill of graph need to be teach in class for elementary school student. But when doing the experiment, it is better to use computer for graphing and concept development. So the graph can be shown to all the student in class.

In class also, maybe can show some video and ask them question. We must utilize enough technology in class. Its not appropriate to talk about technology but at the same time we not using it. For example if we teach about earthquake maybe we can try to trigger the earthquake in class. This can be learn via Youtube. But make sure not to take the whole lesson just to show the video.

1/10/10

Today we learn about the theory related to education. Cognitive is where  learning as a social experience. Use the technology as the scaffolding. Just use the technology as far as necessary. Besides that, in elementary school just try to teach something that concrete and not abstract. Student will not understand if we said that book is made from wood. They can understand that book is made from paper and paper is made from wood.

4/10/10

During this class we talk about video and movie. Video as a source of information for student. It is very suitable to be use as set induction. But make sure to get a good pair of speaker for the sound system. Besides, there are also video that need to be subscribed. so have to sign in and order to get it.

For movies, it is not very expensive to buy. Student very like to see movie so it is quite interesting for them to learn and at the same time watching the movie. Try to find the movie in bahasa malaysia although there are less compare than movie in english language. Just make sure that the movie is suitable with their level of thinking. If not, it is useless.

The term we learn today is naturalistic, interpersonal and intrapersonal. Naturalistic is how to interact with nature surrounding us. Interpersonal is to interact with another while intrapersonal is where we ourself can give reasoning about what happen in our daily life.

8/10/10

Giving reward is the best way to attract student attention. Besides, ask them to give summary at the end of class also can make student giving more attention to class in order to make a summary. They have to know what they have learn in order to make a summary. Magazine can be use as set induction and try to use magazine with many interesting issue in it.

CD is another way to teach. But sometime teacher misuse the CD by just rely upon CD to teach everything and they just sit at their table. In CD maybe there is video to show. Sometime not all concept can be teach just by talking and give explanation. We have to show video for example so that student  can understand the concept presented clearly

15/10/10

Today we learn by using article. Specifically constructivist in article. For example how we as an individual can prevent the global warming become worst. Also try to promote critical thinking from article. We can use article specifically for education purpose. Reader Digest provide a very good information as a resource. Besides that it can improve our command in english language.

Besides that we can show important idea that about what we show to student by writing the important note at whiteboard. Then they will not lost. Give question to trigger their ability to think and solve the problem. Sometime the video can be shown as a set induction before we want to begin any discussion about certain issue.

22/10/10

Today we talk about search engine. With search engine, anything is on our fingertip. Just click to search anything that we want to know. But we have to know that information is change through time, so try to find the very latest information from search engine.

Search engine can be block by any administrator. For example China have block the google for their own purpose. This is because at google you can reach as much as you want. Just familiarize with the search engine. Even anything that we not yet hear about it have a lot of infomation in search engine.

Overhead projector

           Overhead projector is a variant of slide projector that is used to display the images to an audience. For example teacher can use this technology to show to all student in class. An overhead projector typically consist of a very bright lamp or a fan that is use to cool it. On top of the box is the large lens that coolimates the light. On the long arm that is on the top of the overhead projector is a mirror and lens that focus and redirect the light forward. Transparencies that we want to display to student can be put on top of the lens for the purpose of display. The mirror allow the presenter and the audience to see the image at the same the presenter looking at transparencies during writing. The height of the mirror can be adjusted. The purpose is to focus the image and also ,make the image larger or smaller depending on how close the projector is to the screen

        Better quality overhead projector offer an adjustment wheel or screw on the body of the projector to move the lamp away from the lens. If the mirror above the lens is move too high or too low ,it will move out the best focal distance for evenly white image, resulting in a project image with either blue or brown color outside the screen. Turning the adjustment wheel move the lamp to correct the focal distance and restore all the white project image.

        Overhead projector facilitate an easy and low cost but interactive environment for educator. Teaching material can be printed on plastic sheet,where the educator can directly write using the non permanent washable marking pen. This save time for educator. This transparencies also can be use repetitively rather than having material with manually written on the board before the class. The overhead is typically placed at a comfortable height that is suitable for educator and allow the educator to face the class at the same time. This will facilitating better communication between the student and the teacher. The projector can enlarge the feature shown, where this allow the educator to write in a comfortable small script like in the natural writhing position rather than have to write in overly large script on blackboard beside can avoid the teacher to hold his arm in midair just to be able to write on the blackboard. During teaching,when the transparencies sheet is full of written or drawn material,it just can simply be replaced with new fresh sheet with more printed material. This can saving class time rather than use blackboard that would need to be erase and the teaching material have to be rewritten again. Following the class period,the transparencies are easily restored to their original unused state by washing off with soap and water.

Byte

Byte is a unit of digital information in computing and telecommunication. It is an ordered collection of bits in which each bits denoted the binary value of 1 and 0. A byte was a number of bits used to encode a single character or text in computer, and for this reason it is the basic addressable element in many computer  architecture. The size of byte is hardware dependent ,but the modern one is eight bits, and this is the convenient power of two.

Many type of application use variable representation in eight or fewer bits, and processor designer will optimize for this common usage. The byte size and byte addressing are often use in place of longer integer for size or speed optimization in  microcontroller and CPU. Floating point processor and signal processing application tend to operate in a larger value and some digital signal processor have 16 to 40 bits as the smallest unit of addressable storage. One such processor a byte may be defined to contain this number of bits. The term octet was defined to explicitly denoted a sequence of 8 bit because the ambiguity associated with the term byte. It is widely used in communication protocol specification.

The byte can also be defined as data type in certain programming language. C++ for example defined byte as an addressable unit of data large enough to hold any member of the basic character set of the execution environment. The C standard require the char integral data type is capable of holding at least 255 different value and is represented by t least 8 bits. The actual number of bits in a particular implementation  is documented as CHAR_BITS . JAVA primitive data type is always defined as consisting of 8 bits and being a signed data type. In data transmission system, a contiguous sequence of binary bits in a serial data stream, such as in modern or satellite communication which is the smallest meaningful unit of data. These bytes may include start bits, stop bits or parity bits, and could vary from 7 to 12 bits to contain a single 7-bit ASCII code

Computer memory

  vacuum tubes

Memory is a state of information of computing system, as it kept active in some physical structure. Term memory is use for the information in physical system which are fast  as a distinction from physical system which are slow to access. Term memory is also refer to temporary state devices ,whereas the term storage is reserved for permanent data. Advance in storage technology nowadays have blurred the distinction of bits, memory kept on what is conventionally a storage system  called virtual memory.

Computer memory refer to physical devices use to store data or program (sequence or instruction)on a temporary or permanent basis for use in electronic digital computer. Computer represent information in binary code written as sequence of 0s and 1s. Each binary digit may be stored by any physical system that can be either in two stable state to represent 0 and 1. Such a system is called bi-stable. This could be an on-off switch. An electrical capacitor that can store or lose a charge, a magnet with its polarity up and down, or a surface that can have pit or not. Capacitor and transistor functioning as tiny electrical switch, used for temporary storage and either disk or tape with magnetic coating or plastic disc with pattern of pits are used for long-term storage.

Computer memory is usually refer to semiconductor technology that is used to store information in electronic devices. Primary computer memory make use of integrated circuit consisting of silicon based transistor. There are actually two main type of memory, volatile and non-volatile. Volatile memory is computer memory that require power to maintain the stored information. Current semiconductor volatile memory technology is usually either static RAM or dynamic RAM. Static RAM exhibit data remanence, but is still volatile since all data is lost when memory is not powered. Dynamic RAM allow data to be leaked and disappear automatically without a refreshing. Whereas non volatile memory is computer memory that can retain the stored information even when not powered. Example of nonvolatile memory include read only memory ,flash memory, most type of magnetic computer storage devices , optical disk and early computer storage method such as paper tape and punch card.

Integrating technology in teaching carbon cycle

introduction

Teacher give a piece of paper about carbon cycle to all the students. Because of the limited information in that sheet, students are hardly understand what is actually carbon cycle. The beast way is to integrate technology in teaching the student about carbon cycle. There are many kind of technology that can be use in the process of teaching. For example video, animation, picture or just use a television program that is related to carbon cycle. For example is national geographic.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJAbATJCugs

mid of class

Before the teacher can teach about the carbon cycle, they must explain a little bit about carbon. Meaning that how carbon is being send to the earth by sun. Also how the carbon become retain in our atmosphere. So, teacher at first must explain roughly about greenhouse gas. Technology that can be integrate in the process of teaching and learning is video. Teacher can use a video to attract the student to know more about carbon atom and our atmosphere.

http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/facilities/multimedia/uploads/intro-biology/Ccycle2.html

After student know and understand about greenhouse gas, they must know about the effect of greenhouse gas. Teacher must give a full stress about the bad impact that is global warming. So here there are many type of technology that can be use. First of all maybe the television program about global warming can be shown to all students. National geographic are one example of television program that have a story about global warming.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5zLuqSYF68E&feature=related

After that, now is a suitable time to teach the main objective that is carbon cycle. At this time, student are ready to know more about the complex information about carbon in our atmosphere. Carbon cycle is a cycle that need to be understand step by step so that student will not lost in the middle. The best way to learn about carbon cycle is by using animation. Here student have to click and click again until the last step of carbon cycle. At the end, supposedly student understand and gain information about carbon cycle.

http://epa.gov/climatechange/kids/carbon_cycle_version2.html

conclusion

Before teacher end the class, maybe some sort of game or quiz can be run in the class. This type of game is using computer where student have to choose the direction to go and have to answer the question as they go through certain station. This can make them revise again about the animation that they have seen before and refresh their mind. Teacher maybe can make a group where each group have to compete each other in order to win that game. At the end, teacher can give some reward to the student that can answer the question correctly.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zpu7IZcdzXE&feature=related

long term plan

Last but not least is that if lucky, during the school break, teacher can organize some sort of trip to Petroscience for example.So teacher have to know the update information about Petroscience either there are suitable thing to learn about carbon cycle. Student surely will love to go there because of exciting environment of study and realistic experience to feel.

more on hardware

Removable media devices consist such as CD, DVD,blue ray disc, HD DVD, floppy disk, lomega zip drive, USB flash drive and tape drive. Compact disc is the most common type of removable media suitable for music and data. There are  two component that is CD ROM drive and CD writer. Digital versatile disc or DVD is a popular type of removable media that store up much information compared to CD. It is most common way of transferring digital video  and data storage. Blue ray disc is a high density optical disk format for data and high definition video. It can store up to 70 times as much information as CD. HD DVD is the discontinued competitor to the blue-ray format. Floppy disk is something outdate storage device consisting of thin disk of a flexible magnetic storage medium. While lomega zip drive is an outdate medium capacity removable disc storage system. USB flash drive is the flash memory data storage devices integrated with USB interface. Its capacities vary from hundred of megabytes to tens of gigabytes. The last is tape drive that is a device that read and write data on a magnetic tape, used for long term storage and backups.

Another example of hardware is secondary storage. It is a hardware that keep data inside the computer for later use and remain persistent even when the computer has no power. Example is hard disk, solid state drive and raid array controller. Sound card is also a hardware or computer. It enable computer to output sound or audio devices as well as accept input from microphone. Most modern computer have sound card built in to the motherboard ,although it is common for us to install separate sound card as an upgrade.

Last example of hardware is input and output peripheral. It is typically house external to the main computer chasis. Input is for example text input devices (keyboard), pointing devices (mouse), gaming devices (game controller), image video input devices (image scanner) and audio input devices (microphone). Whereas output is for example is printer, speaker and monitor. Keyboard is a device to input text and character by depressing buttons. Mouse is pointing device use to detect two dimensional motion relative to its supporting surface. Another example of pointing devices include trackball and touch screen. Example of gaming devices such as gamepad that hand held game controller that relies on digit to provide input. Image video input such as webcam is low resolution video camera to provide visual input. Whereas microphone is audio input devices that provide input by converting sound into electrical signal. Output of speaker Is a pair of devices which convert electrical signal into audio.